Table 2 Intervention characteristics for the comparative effectiveness of virtual reality-based upper limb rehabilitation versus conventional therapy on ADL and QoL in stroke patients
Authors | Characteristics of exercise in control | Characteristics of exercise in experimental | Primary outcome | Is the VR intervention combined with conventional? | Duration of interventions (weeks) | Duration and frequency | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | Intervention | ||||||
Laffonte et al.,2020 [55] | CT | CT plus VR | BI | Yes | 6 | 45 Min/session, 5 days /week | 45 Min/session, 5 days /week |
Afsar et al., 2018 [54] | CT | CT Plus Xbox Kinect game system | FIM | Yes | 4 | 60 Min /session, 6 days/week | 60 Min /session, 6 days/week |
Gueye et al.,2021 [60] | CT | CT plus VR Armeo Spring | FIM | Yes | 3 | 40 Min/session, 4 days/week | 40 Min/session, 4 days/week |
Mekbib et al.,2021 [56] | CT | CT for plus IVR | BI | Yes | 2 | 60 Min/session, 4 days/week | 60 Min/session, 4 days/week |
Leng et al.,2022 [53] | CT | CT plus VR-based game | BI | Yes | 3 | 30 Min/session, 5 days a week | 30 Min /session, 5 days a week |
Shin et al.,2014 [75] | CT | CT plus VR-based training | MBI | Yes | 6 | 60 Min/session, 3days/week | 60 Min/session, five 3days/week |
Rong et al.,2021 [74] | CT with Mirror visual feedback | CT plus Robot-assisted training combination with base camera-based Mirror-Visual feedback | FIM and MBI | Yes | 4 | 90 Min/session, 5 days/week | 90 Min/session, 5 days/week |
Kwon et al. 2012 [59] | CT | CT combined with an intensive VR program | MBI | Yes | 4 | 70 Min/session, 5 days/week | 30 Min/session, 5 days/week |
Long et al.,2020 [66] | CT | CT plus VR program | MBI | Yes | 3 | 45 Min/session, 5 days/week | 45 Min/session, 5 days/ week |
Yin et al.,2014 (58) | Ct | CT plus VR therapy | FIM | Yes | 2 | 30Min/session, 5days/week | 30Min/session, 5days/week |
Huang et al.,2023 [48] | CT | CT plus VR | BI | Yes | 3 | 60Min/session, 5days/week | 30Min/session,5days/week |
Park et al.,2019 [73] | CT | CT plus based VR-based therapy | MBI and SF-36 | Yes | 4 | 30 min/session, 5 days/week | 30 min/session, 5 days/week |
Turolla et al.,2013 [76] | CT | CT plus VR | FIM | Yes | 4 | 120Min/session, 5 days /week | 120Min/session, 5 days /week |
Cameir˜ao et al., 2011 [57] | CT | CT plus VR-based games | BI | Yes | 12 | 20 Min/session, 3days/ week | 20 Min/session, 3days/ week |
Zheng et al., 2015 [50] | CT | CT plus VR | MBI and SIS | Yes | 4 | 30 Min/ session, 6 days/week | 30 Min/ session, 6 days/week |
Amin et al., 2024 [47] | CT | CT plus VR | MBI and SS QOL | Yes | 6 | 48 Min/session for 2 weeks then 80 Min/session for 4 weeks, 4 days/week | 24 Min/per session for 2, then 40 Min/per session for 4 weeks, 4 days/per week |
Shin et al., 2016 [75] | CT | CT plus VR | SIS | Yes | 4 | 30 Min /session, 5 days/week | 30 Min /session, 5 days/week |
Sip et al., 2023 [69] | CT | CT plus VR | SF-36 | Yes | 3 | 30 Min/session, 6days/week, 18days only | 30 Min/session, 6days/week, 18days only |
Rodríguez-Hernández et al., 2021 [68] | CT | CT plus VR | EQ-VAS | Yes | 3 | 150 Min/session, 5days week | 150 Min/session, 5days week |
Ribeiro et al., 2015 [62] | CT | CT plus VR based therapy | SF-36 | Yes | 8 | 60 Min/session, 2 days/week | 60 Min/session, 2 days/week |
Ali et al., 2024 [65] | CT | CT plus VR-based gamified therapy | SIS | Yes | 6 | 120 Min/session, 6 days /week | 120 Min/session, 6 days /week |
Keskin et al.,2020 [67] | CT | VR-based therapy | BI | No | 6 | 60 Min/session, 5 days/weekdays/week | 60 Min/session, 5 days/week |
Saposnik et al.,2016 [80] | CT | VR-based Nintendo Wii | BI and FIM | No | 2 | 60 Min/session, 5 days/week | 60 Min/session, 5 days/week |
Choi et al.,2014 [49] | CT | Commercial gaming-based VR therapy using Wii (Nintendo, Tokyo, Japan) | MBI | No | 4 | 30 Min/session, 5 days/4 week | 30 Min/session, 5 days/4 week |
Kiper et al.,2013 [71] | CT | VR-based therapy | FIM | No | 5 | 120/session, 5 days/week | 120/session, 5 days/week |
Lee et al.,2016 [64] | CT | Individual-based VR-based therapy | MBI | No | 8 | 30 Min/session, 3 days/week | 30 Min/session, 3 days/week |
Ogun et al.,2019 [61] | CT | VR based therapy | FIM | No | 6 | 60 Min/session, 3 days/week | 60 Min/session, 3 days/week |
Choi et al.,2021 [51] | CT | VR based therapy | MBI | No | 4 | 30 Min/session, 3 days/ week | 30 Min/session, 3 days/ week |
Piron et al., 2010 [63] | CT | VR based therapy | FIM | No | 4 | 60 Min/session, 5 days /week | 60 Min/session, 5 days /week |
Ballester et al., 2016 [70] | CT | VR-based therapy | BI | No | 6 | 30 Min/session, 5 days /week | 30 Min/session, 5 days /week |