Table 3 Joint kinematics

Pre-VR

12.81\(\,\pm \,\)3.19

40.49\(\,\pm \,\)5.24

66.98\(\,\pm \,\)5.17

30.88\(\,\pm \,\)5.11

1.48\(\,\pm \,\)0.59

2.11\(\,\pm \,\)0.57

2.90\(\,\pm \,\)0.94

3.71\(\,\pm \,\)1.71

IR-ISO

13.43\(\,\pm \,\)3.49

42.16\(\,\pm \,\)5.93

68.45\(\,\pm \,\)5.26

31.88\(\,\pm \,\)5.42

1.63\(\,\pm \,\)0.64

1.92\(\,\pm \,\)0.63

2.64\(\,\pm \,\)1.28

3.56\(\,\pm \,\)1.01

IR-AP

14.06\(\,\pm \,\)3.72

43.43\(\,\pm \,\)4.99

69.63\(\,\pm \,\)4.84

32.44\(\,\pm \,\)4.95

1.50\(\,\pm \,\)0.52

1.79\(\,\pm \,\)0.45

2.48\(\,\pm \,\)0.76

3.38\(\,\pm \,\)0.89

IR-ML

13.44\(\,\pm \,\)3.39

42.62\(\,\pm \,\)5.30

68.67\(\,\pm \,\)5.28

31.48\(\,\pm \,\)5.35

1.81\(\,\pm \,\)0.50

2.27\(\,\pm \,\)0.67

2.97\(\,\pm \,\)0.96

3.74\(\,\pm \,\)0.89

HMD-ISO

13.88\(\,\pm \,\)3.80

42.20\(\,\pm \,\)6.39

68.03\(\,\pm \,\)6.15

30.54\(\,\pm \,\)5.42

1.69\(\,\pm \,\)0.51

2.16\(\,\pm \,\)0.56

3.20\(\,\pm \,\)1.22

3.88\(\,\pm \,\)1.40

HMD-AP

13.83\(\,\pm \,\)3.93

42.56\(\,\pm \,\)7.00

67.84\(\,\pm \,\)6.93

31.62\(\,\pm \,\)6.16

1.68\(\,\pm \,\)0.52

2.22\(\,\pm \,\)1.16

3.02\(\,\pm \,\)2.14

3.89\(\,\pm \,\)1.23

HMD-ML

12.70\(\,\pm \,\)3.01

40.41\(\,\pm \,\)6.30

65.42\(\,\pm \,\)6.82

28.13\(\,\pm \,\)4.69

2.26\(\,\pm \,\)0.58

3.47\(\,\pm \,\)0.91

4.59\(\,\pm \,\)1.69

4.95\(\,\pm \,\)1.43

Post-VR

14.48\(\,\pm \,\)3.14

44.88\(\,\pm \,\)4.06

68.83\(\,\pm \,\)5.53

32.78\(\,\pm \,\)4.06

1.60\(\,\pm \,\)0.54

1.87\(\,\pm \,\)0.57

2.17\(\,\pm \,\)0.72

3.01\(\,\pm \,\)1.10

Pre-VR

7.12\(\,\pm \,\)2.18

24.06\(\,\pm \,\)9.35

69.28\(\,\pm \,\)3.66

20.24\(\,\pm \,\)3.81

2.41\(\,\pm \,\)2.03

1.51\(\,\pm \,\)0.63

2.40\(\,\pm \,\)0.79

2.85\(\,\pm \,\)1.86

IR-ISO

7.37\(\,\pm \,\)2.32

24.72\(\,\pm \,\)10.01

70.14\(\,\pm \,\)4.28

20.76\(\,\pm \,\)4.37

1.93\(\,\pm \,\)0.99

1.47\(\,\pm \,\)0.53

2.14\(\,\pm \,\)1.09

2.79\(\,\pm \,\)0.93

IR-AP

7.78\(\,\pm \,\)2.23

25.25\(\,\pm \,\)9.83

71.22\(\,\pm \,\)3.55

21.29\(\,\pm \,\)4.64

1.95\(\,\pm \,\)1.01

1.45\(\,\pm \,\)0.45

1.82\(\,\pm \,\)0.38

2.80\(\,\pm \,\)0.88

IR-ML

7.16\(\,\pm \,\)2.51

25.25\(\,\pm \,\)9.90

70.82\(\,\pm \,\)3.88

20.95\(\,\pm \,\)4.60

2.24\(\,\pm \,\)0.87

1.66\(\,\pm \,\)0.47

2.24\(\,\pm \,\)0.71

3.19\(\,\pm \,\)0.89

HMD-ISO

7.57\(\,\pm \,\)2.27

24.64\(\,\pm \,\)9.21

70.35\(\,\pm \,\)4.43

20.62\(\,\pm \,\)4.55

2.52\(\,\pm \,\)1.93

1.67\(\,\pm \,\)0.54

2.34\(\,\pm \,\)0.80

3.63\(\,\pm \,\)1.13

HMD-AP

7.50\(\,\pm \,\)2.41

24.99\(\,\pm \,\)9.19

70.09\(\,\pm \,\)5.27

21.59\(\,\pm \,\)5.61

2.39\(\,\pm \,\)1.22

1.58\(\,\pm \,\)0.57

2.44\(\,\pm \,\)1.62

3.80\(\,\pm \,\)1.43

HMD-ML

6.47\(\,\pm \,\)2.10

25.25\(\,\pm \,\)9.50

70.00\(\,\pm \,\)5.45

20.95\(\,\pm \,\)4.84

2.94\(\,\pm \,\)1.92

2.30\(\,\pm \,\)0.71

3.28\(\,\pm \,\)1.24

4.15\(\,\pm \,\)1.13

Post-VR

7.77\(\,\pm \,\)2.14

27.63\(\,\pm \,\)7.33

70.87\(\,\pm \,\)3.81

21.11\(\,\pm \,\)5.31

1.98\(\,\pm \,\)0.95

1.44\(\,\pm \,\)0.55

1.84\(\,\pm \,\)0.66

2.52\(\,\pm \,\)1.00