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Table 5 Responsiveness of each upper extremity outcome (n = 17)

From: Development of a quantitative assessment for abnormal flexor synergy index in patients with stroke: a validity and responsiveness study

Indices of responsiveness

FMA-UE_A

FMA-UE_B

FMA-UE_C

FMA-UE_D

MAS_

elbow flexor

MAS_

wrist flexor

MAS_

MP flexor

MAS_

PIP flexor

Abnormal flexor synergy index

Pre-intervention

16.5 (6.4)

2.1 (3.5)

4.1 (4.9)

0.5 (1.3)

1.8 (0.8)

1.9 (1.1)

0.9 (1.1)

2.1 (1.2)

84.6 (6.9)

Post-intervention

18.0 (7.5)

3.0 (4.3)

4.5 (4.8)

0.5 (1.5)

1.6 (0.7)

1.6 (1.1)

0.6 (1.1)

1.7 (1.3)

88.4 (6.0)

Mean difference

1.47

0.88

0.47

0.06

-0.12

-0.35

-0.24

-0.41

3.82

SD of paired differences

1.81

1.36

0.87

0.24

0.60

0.49

0.83

0.94

4.83

Standardized response mean (SRM)

0.81

0.65

0.54

0.24

-0.20

-0.72

-0.28

-0.44

0.79

  1. Abbreviations: FMA-UE, Fugl–Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity; MAS, Modified Ashworth Scale; MP, metacarpophalangeal; PIP, proximal interphalangeal; SD, standard deviation