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Table 2 Clinical outcomes of the RT + CT and CT groups at baseline and at the end of the training program

From: Therapeutic effects of powered exoskeletal robot-assisted gait training in inpatients in the early stage after stroke: a pilot case-controlled study

Variable

RT + CT group

CT group

Independent t-test

Baseline

Final

Difference

Baseline

Final

Difference

P value

Cohen’s d

BI

59.1 ± 5.9

72.6 ± 6.4***

13.5 ± 8.1

56.3 ± 10.6

65.4 ± 11.9***

9.1 ± 10.3

0.097

0.482

BBS

44.6 ± 8.7

52.6 ± 4.4***

7.9 ± 6.2

44.4 ± 6.0

50.8 ± 4.4***

6.4 ± 4.1

0.330

0.300

5MWS (s)

12.1 ± 5.9

7.2 ± 2.1**

-4.9 ± 4.9

11.1 ± 5.8

8.0 ± 3.6***

-3.1 ± 4.1

0.123

0.390

6MWT (m)

252.6 ± 105.8

334.1 ± 88.6***

81.5 ± 41.4

239.2 ± 114.7

332.2 ± 119.4***

93.0 ± 79.8

0.395

0.181

FMA-UE

49.6 ± 16.1

57.4 ± 13.3***

7.8 ± 7.1

46.1 ± 16.7

50.6 ± 14.8***

4.5 ± 7.8

0.114

0.440

  1. The data are presented as the mean ± SD
  2. **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001 for the baseline vs. final assessment; statistical analysis by the paired samples t test