Table 2 Summary of the visual cues from the augmented visual feedback
From: Immersive virtual reality for learning exoskeleton-like virtual walking: a feasibility study
Type | What? | Where? | How? |
|---|---|---|---|
Movement 1: Move walker forward | |||
Concurrent | Maximum stride length possible due to relative walker position | Border that separates the object into a lighter and a darker area | Indicates the maximum stride length that participants can reach without colliding with the walker. If the stride length is longer than the distance between the trailing leg and the walker, it will produce a walker collision, and the step will not occur. |
Concurrent | Trunk inclination | Size of the object | When there is no inclination, the length of the bar is maximum, and vice versa. |
Movement 2: Weight shifting | |||
Concurrent | Weight shifting | Lateral position of the object | If the participant moves the pelvis to the right (left) (and, thus, the avatar too), the object moves to the right (left). When the lateral positions of the centerline of the fusiform object and the leading foot match, the longitudinal white line displayed in front of the leading foot turns green and indicates that the weight shifting is accomplished. The step trigger is allowed now. |
Movement 3: Hip thrust | |||
Concurrent | Target stride length | White dashed line | The target stride length depends on the optimal stride length and varies depending on the current absolute distance between the feet in the anteroposterior direction. |
Concurrent | Target stride length | Color and width of the opaque object | The widest part of the object and the green color are centered on the target stride length. The thinnest part of the object and the red color are on the extreme points of the object. |
Terminal | Previous stride length | Yellow line | Helps the participants to know the acceleration they did to perform the previous stride length. |
Concurrent | Stride length | Object turning opaque | The higher the peak hip acceleration, the more part of the object turns opaque and the larger will be the stride length. |
Concurrent | Minimum stride length | Bottom narrow white rectangle | The step trigger is not activated unless participants generate enough hip acceleration to pass the rectangle, which becomes white during the hip thrust. |
Other | |||
Terminal | Score | Pop-up window | The score is based on the trunk inclination and the deviation from the target stride length. |