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Table 2 Means (standard deviations) of the outcomes for patients with poststroke hemiplegia between pre- and post-training assessments after 800 min training in Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Limb (FMA-UE), Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Lower Limb (FMA-LE), Fugl-Meyer Assessment in total (FMA-Total), Functional Ambulation Categories (FAC), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Barthel Index (BI)

From: Home-based guidance training system with interactive visual feedback using kinect on stroke survivors with moderate to severe motor impairment

 

Pre-training

Post-training

p value

Effect size (Cohen's d)

Power

MDC/MCID distribution

FMA-U/E (max: 66)

31.00 (12.77)

43.58 (15.36)

 < 0.001*

0.88

0.89

#[0, 0, 1 (8.3%), 11 (91.7%)] [36]

FMA-L/E (max: 34)

18.08 (5.68)

24.08 (5.6)

 < 0.001*

1.06

0.96

#[0, 0, 6 (50%), 6 (50%)] [37, 38]

FMA-Total (max: 100)

49.08 (17.2)

67.67 (19.52)

 < 0.001*

1.00

0.95

#[0, 0, 2 (16.6%), 10 (83.4%)] [36,37,38]

FAC (max: 6)

4.92 (0.51)

5.50 (0.8)

 < 0.001*

0.83

0.85

[0, 4 (33.3%), 8 (66.7%)]*

BBS (max: 56)

43.25 (10.56)

46.00 (7.3)

0.137

0.29

0.25

[2 (16.6%), 1 (8.3%), 6 (50.2%), 3 (24.9%)] [37]

BI (max: 20)

15.83 (2.95)

17.17 (2.98)

0.002*

0.45

0.43

[0, 3 (24.9%), 9 (75.1%), 0] [39]

  1. The asterisk indicated the significant difference with α = 0.05. The # symbol indicated the improvement reached the MDC/MCID level
  2. MDC (minimal detectable changes), MCID (minimal clinically important difference). MDC/MCID distribution: number (percentage) of four levels [mild degeneration, no improvement, mild improvement, clinically significant improvement]. mild degeneration: -MDC/-MCID level < change < 0, no improvement: change = 0, mild improvement: 0 < change < MDC/MCID, clinical meaning improvement: change ≧ MDC/MCID
  3. *No MDC/MCID in FAC, number (percentage) is listed in [mild degeneration, no improvement, improvement]
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Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

ISSN: 1743-0003

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