Fig. 6
From: Multibody dynamics-based musculoskeletal modeling for gait analysis: a systematic review
Rajagopal full body MSK model: (a) an illustration displaying 23 DOF and 22 rigid bodies, (b) a representation of 80 Hill-type muscle-tendon actuator units that are integrated into the lower body structure, (c) application of many distinct muscles to replace those muscles with large attachment areas, (d) wrapping of muscle surface around cylindrical surfaces, and (e) modeling of patellar ligament [52]