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Table 2 Dual-task costs

From: Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Locomotor DTCs (%)

Group

P-value

Healthy

m/sTBI

Complexity

Simple

Complex

Simple

Complex

Group

Complexity

Onset time

-9.81 (10.22)

-7.79 (9.51)

5.49 (11.70)

4.53 (19.03)

0.001

0.850

Onset distance

-10.11 (11.21)

-10.03 (9.10)

1.50 (13.89)

2.12 (15.32)

0.001

0.915

Minimum distance

-9.24 (12.12)

-7.71 (14.70)

4.22 (12.01)

6.43 (9.26)

0.001

0.343

Maximum speed

1.84 (7.00)

5.42 (10.14)

3.08 (11.37)

5.19 (15.21)

0.906

0.010

Maximum lateral

deviation

-12.57 (16.20)

-5.32 (15.22)

3.28 (15.66)

11.48 (11.97)

0.001

0.006

Gaze behaviour DTCs (%)

Approaching VRP

42.29 (9.87)

46.95 (10.66)

20.62 (32.53)

33.11 (28.63)

0.033

0.011

Other VRPs

4.08 (20.98)

6.98 (25.53)

-5.90 (50.07)

-14.63 (56.20)

0.302

0.578

Goal

-32.72 (62.17)

-33.35 (39.16)

-27.52 (60.83)

-42.79 (79.99)

0.923

0.486

Cognitive DTCs (%)

Cognitive accuracy

0.79 (1.48)

0.78 (4.56)

0.62 (6.01)

6.91 (9.82)

0.038

0.110

  1. Mean (1SD) for dual-task costs. DTC – Dual-task cost; VRP – Virtual pedestrian. Statistically significant p-values for the effect of group and complexity are shown in bold