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Table 4 Meta-analysis of the effects of SI versus control groups for BBS

From: Effectiveness of sensor-based interventions in improving gait and balance performance in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Intervention group

No. of trials

I2

p(I2)

MD

95% CI

p

All group

22

85.336%

< 0.001

3.091

2.002, 4.179

< 0.001

All group*

19

72.179%

< 0.001

2.133

1.213, 3.052

< 0.001

OPTS

14

89.717%

< 0.001

3.619

2.099, 5.139

< 0.001

OPTS*

12

79.343%

< 0.001

2.325

0.993, 3.657

0.001

PCPS

8

12.916%

0.329

1.938

1.181, 2.695

< 0.001

PCPS*

7

19.977%

0.277

1.874

1.098, 2.650

< 0.001

  1. *The control groups with TPEI only; TPEI: traditional physical exercise intervention; OPTS: optical sensor; PCPS: perception sensor; MD: mean difference