Automated, IMU-based spine angle estimation and IMU location identification for telerehabilitation

Table 1 Spine-related exercises for evaluation

Exercises	Spine segments	Kinematic angle	2 IMU locations
Supine chin tuck head lift rotation	CS	Neck rotation	Head, thorax
Dead bug unilateral isometric hold	LS	Hip flexion	Thigh, pelvis
Pilates saw	TS and LS	Thorax rotation	Thorax, pelvis
Catcow full spine	WS	Neck flexion	Head, pelvis
Wall angel	CS and TS	Shoulder abduction	Upper arm, thorax
Quadruped neck flexion/extension	CS	Neck flexion	Head, thorax
Adductor open book	CS and TS	Thorax rotation	Thorax, pelvis
Side plank hip dip	LS	Low back abduction	Thorax, pelvis
Bird dog hip spinal flexion	LS	Hip flexion	Thigh, pelvis
Windmill single leg	LS	Lumbar flexion	Thorax, pelvis

\(^{1}\)Columns “Spine Segments”, “Kinematic Angle Estimation”, and “2 IMU locations” indicate the spine segments targeted by each exercise, the angles to be measured, and the locations of the 2 IMUs, respectively
\(^{2}\)CS cervical spine, TS thoracic spine, LS lumbar spine, WS whole spine

ISSN: 1743-0003